Tags

, , , , ,

The ISKCON leadership recently convened in India for their yearly pow-wow. This year one of the topics up for discussion was brought up by Sivarama Swami, who is one of the more powerful and wealthy gurus with many disciples and projects in Europe. Earlier last year he announced his idea to bring new laws to ISKCON to codify just who and who is not an official member. He brought this up at the recent meetings of leaders for official discussion.

What he proposes is essentially to make it clear that the only officially recognized members of ISKCON are those who accept Prabhupada and laws of ISKCON, along with the leadership and their rules, as the guiding and central authority in their lives. That means you must follow the rules that Prabhupada created for ISKCON at the very beginning, e.g. the “4 regulative principles” [no sex whatsoever except to make babies in marriage, no drink or drug of any type, strict vegetarianism, and no gambling of any type], as well as no “sense gratification” such as any type of entertainment that isn’t part of “devotional service”, which includes print media, TV, movies, theater, dancing, singing, playing musical instruments, sports, or any other type of entertaining activity that is done without being part of “service to guru and Krishna.”

He also went a step further than those old rules and regulations which were asked of everyone who aspires to become “Krishna conscious” or wants to join ISKCON. Sivarama wants to make divorce against ISKCON law, which can mean that if you divorce you are no longer an official member. That upset a lot of people since divorce is so common amongst the western Hare Krishnas, with higher rates than the rest of society. I saw one study that said some 90% of marriages end in divorce amongst western devotees.

Another rule he mentioned was you can only be initiated by gurus in ISKCON, also you must tithe 10% of your income to ISKCON, and submit to ISKCON justice and rulings.

According to Sivarama Swami if you’re not an official member you are not “officially connected to Prabhupada, the Gaudiya parampara, or the Gaudiya sampradaya,” and you cannot live, work or be employed in any temple or farm, or have any type of management or leadership position from congregational Namhatta on up. Nor can you give classes, do pujari work or any kind of priest work. Nor can you have rituals performed for you, i.e. initiation, wedding, birth, etc. Nor can you take part in any ISKCON initiative, e.g. living in Mayapur, use of gurukulas, co-operatives, etc.

What is this really all about? With ISKCON long-time members and especially it’s leaders, almost everything is really all about making money and exploitation of others. This idea by Sivarama isn’t really about making it clear who is an official member of ISKCON for any good social or spiritual reason, it’s really more about making it clear who is not a member in order to make it easy to denounce people as unworthy of being a member, thereby keeping them from positions of sannyasa and guru. Sannyasis and gurus are where most of the money coming towards ISKCON is going to from people’s donations. The more sannyasis and gurus there are means there is less money to go around. If you have 50 million dollars in total donations every year coming to ISKCON, and you are greedy, you want as few sannyasis and gurus around as possible to be the recipients of those donations so you can get more for yourself. I think ISKCON’s leaders like Sivarama Swami want to be able to slow down, stop, or reverse the number of sannyasis and gurus — less competition means more money in his pocket.

Otherwise, what is the point of demanding so much to be in ISKCON? Is that going to increase or decrease morale and devotion to ISKCON? Obviously it can only harm morale and cause social distrust, leading to feeling too much pressure to be perfect little cult zombies, and then antisocial dysfunctional relationships will be even more the norm — leading to people staying even less amounts of time as members of ISKCON than usual. Which is probably what Sivarama wants — more people on the outside making money and tithing so they can believe they are members to some degree and “connected” to Prabhupada, Krishna, etc.

It’s not that there weren’t objections. For instance, Indian guru Gopal Krishna Goswami argued against it because he doesn’t want to alienate the large number of Indians who are his disciples or going to be his disciples. Almost all of them are not following or going to follow the cultish demands of Sivarama Swami. They are mostly Indians with jobs and families, or they are students, who want to be initiated. They also give him lot’s of money. It would be rightly seen by his followers as an insult if they were all of sudden told they weren’t good enough to be considered life-members of ISKCON, yet their money was good enough to accept.

Others complained that Sivarama’s use of various metaphors comparing ISKCON to a nation state and citizenship to ISKCON membership, as being poorly drawn out. Others complained that it all seemed a bit too draconian, or that divorce was common among ISKCON leaders. But none of the critics have raised what I think is, well, hilariously inept about the whole situation.

What’s really funny about all this is how in the guise of being the definitive bhakti-yoga organization, and thinking and advertising themselves as such great paramhamsa gurus, and the true inheritors of the mantel of the Gaudiya sampradaya — how such a pathetic excuse for a Gaudiya guru could get away with such buffoonery with none of his colleagues calling him on it:

If you advance enough in Krishna consciousness, you will no longer be considered spiritually advanced enough to be allowed to be a member of ISKCON — according to Sivarama Swami.

Raganuga-bhakti is taught in Gaudiya Vaishnavism as the better of two types of approaches to bhakti-yoga. Vaidhi-bhakti is the other approach. Vaidhi-bhakti is bhakti which is inspired by promises of salvation and liberation, desire for freedom from suffering, desire for bliss and heaven. It’s motivation is the promises found in Vedic scriptures.It’s a regulative rule laden worshipful form of bhakti-yoga. It’s also strictly for neophytes. It’s described by Sri Chaitanya, Jiva Goswami and other acharyas that the rules and regulations of vaidhi-bhakti are of no concern for those on the path of raganuga-bhakti. The path of raganuga-bhakti is inspired by raga, emotional spiritual attachment to Radha Krishna, to wanting to be with them. If you take up bhakti sadhana because you are very attracted to living with Radha Krishna as one of their close friends, family or lovers, after you have heard about Krishna lila, then that is the description of a raganuga-bhakta:

Śrī Caitanya Caritāmṛta Madhya 22.155

tat-tad-bhāvādi-mādhurye
śrute dhīr yad apekṣate
nātra śāstraḿ na yuktiḿ ca
tal lobhotpatti-lakṣaṇam

tat-tat — respective; bhāva-ādi-mādhurye — the sweetness of the loving moods (namely śānta-rasa, dāsya-rasa, sakhya-rasa, vātsalya-rasa and mādhurya-rasa) of the inhabitants of Vṛndāvana; śrute — when heard; dhīḥ — the intelligence; yat — which; apekṣate — depends on; na — not; atra — here; śāstram — revealed scriptures; na — not; yuktim — logic and argument; ca — also; tat — that; lobha — of covetousness to follow in the footsteps; utpatti-lakṣaṇam — the symptom of awakening.

When an advanced, realized devotee hears about the affairs of the devotees of Vṛndāvana — in the mellows of śānta, dāsya, sakhya, vātsalya and mādhurya — he becomes inclined in one of these ways, and his intelligence becomes attracted. Indeed, he begins to covet that particular type of devotion. When such covetousness is awakened, one’s intelligence no longer depends on the instructions of śāstra [revealed scripture] or on logic and argument.

PURPORT

This verse is also found in the Bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu (1.2.292).

Prabhupada changed the original meaning of this verse by inserting the English phrase “When an advanced, realized devotee” at the beginning. That is not in the original text. This is a more correct translation:

“When someone hears about the sweet relationships of the devotees of Vrndavana — he becomes inclined in that way, and his intelligence becomes attracted. Indeed, he begins to covet that particular type of devotion. When such covetousness is awakened, one’s intelligence no longer depends on the instruction of sastra, revealed scripture, logic or argument.”

Śrī Caitanya Caritāmṛta Madhya 22.152 -53

rāgamayī-bhaktira haya ‘rāgātmikā’ nāma
tāhā śuni’ lubdha haya kona bhāgyavān

lobhe vraja-vāsīra bhāve kare anugati
śāstra-yukti nāhi māne — rāgānugāra prakṛti

Thus devotional service which consists of rāga [deep attachment] is called rāgātmikā, spontaneous loving service. If a devotee covets such a position, he is considered to be most fortunate

If one follows in the footsteps of the inhabitants of Vṛndāvana out of such transcendental covetousness, he does not care for the injunctions or reasonings of śāstra. That is the way of spontaneous love.

A few verses later Sri Chaitanya explains about the path of raganuga some more:

Śrī Caitanya Caritāmṛta Madhya 22.156-157

bāhya, antara, — ihāra dui ta’ sādhana
‘bāhye’ sādhaka-dehe kare śravaṇa-kīrtana
‘mane’ nija-siddha-deha kariyā bhāvana
rātri-dine kare vraje kṛṣṇera sevana

bāhya — externally; antara — internally; ihāra — of this spontaneous love of Godhead; dui — two; ta’ — indeed; sādhana — such processes of execution; bāhye — externally; sādhaka-dehe — with the body of an advanced devotee; kare — does; śravaṇa-kīrtana — hearing and chanting; mane — the mind; nija — own; siddha-deha — eternal body or self-realized position; kariyā bhāvana — thinking of; rātri-dine — night and day; kare — executes; vraje — in Vṛndāvana; kṛṣṇera — of Lord Kṛṣṇa; sevana — service.

There are two processes by which one may execute this rāgānugā bhakti — external and internal. When self-realized, the advanced devotee externally remains like a neophyte and executes all the śāstric injunctions, especially those concerning hearing and chanting. But within his mind, in his original, purified, self-realized position, he serves Kṛṣṇa in Vṛndāvana in his particular way. He serves Kṛṣṇa twenty-four hours a day, all day and night.

The phrase: “When self-realized, the advanced devotee externally remains like a neophyte and executes all the śāstric injunctions” — is not in the original text. Prabhupada added that to the translation of this verse and thereby changed what was actually being taught by Sri Chaitanya about raganuga-bhakti. Sadhaka-dehe just means “the body of a person doing sadhana,” and not “with the body of an advanced devotee” — as is translated in the word for word, and not “When self-realized, the advanced devotee” — as we see in the final outcome. Nowhere in the original text does it then say “remains like a neophyte and executes all the śāstric injunctions.” In fact just a few verses earlier as I quoted above, the opposite is taught – raganuga bhaktas aren’t concerned with the rules and regulations of shastra. The above verse actually says:

“(Raganuga) Sadhana should be performed both externally and internally. First, one should engage the body and external senses in the processes of sravana and kirtana (hearing and chanting). Next, internally, one should engage the mind to think of one’s own siddha-deha (spiritual body), and in that spiritual body conceived within the mind to day and night perform seva to Krsna in Vrndavana.”

Then the next verse is also purposefully mistranslated by Prabhupada in order to continue on with the deception. Depending on rules and regulations of shastra is the definition of vaidhi-bhakti. Prabhupada changed the definition and description of raganuga-bhakti into that of vaidhi-bhakti. Why? To fool people into thinking they needed to always be surrendered to ISKCON rules and regulations (to keep them slave-like), even if they advance in Krishna consciousness to the level of raganuga-bhakti:

sevā sādhaka-rūpeṇa
siddha-rūpeṇa cātra hi
tad-bhāva-lipsunā kāryā
vraja-lokānusārataḥ

sevā — service; sādhaka-rūpeṇa — with the external body as a devotee practicing regulative devotional service; siddha-rūpeṇa — with a body suitable for eternal, self-realized service; ca — also; atra — in this connection; hi — certainly; tat — of that; bhāva — the mood; lipsunā — desiring to obtain; kāryā — to be executed; vraja-loka — of a particular servant of Kṛṣṇa in Vṛndāvana; anusārataḥ — by following in the footsteps.

The advanced devotee who is inclined to spontaneous loving service should follow the activities of a particular associate of Kṛṣṇa’s in Vṛndāvana. He should execute service externally as a regulative devotee as well as internally from his self-realized position. Thus he should perform devotional service both externally and internally.

There is no “advanced devotee” or “regulative” in the original verse. Sādhaka-rūpeṇa simply means “a body of a person doing sadhana” not “with the external body as a devotee practicing regulative devotional service.” Sadhana is of two types in bhakti-yoga, vaidhi-sadhana and raganuga-sadhana. What the verse says is that the raganuga-bhakta should practice two types of activities — sadhana done with the body, e.g. sravanam, kirtanam — which is part of raganuga-sadhana, as well as internal meditation on the siddha-rūpeṇa — the perfected or liberated form you concieve of yourself as, in your eternal bhava (relationship) with Radha Krishna in lila.

This is how Jiva Goswami describes raganuga-bhakti in his Bhakti Sandarbha:

In the Gautamiya Tantra it is said:

“For they who are always fallen in love with the lotus feet of Lord Krsna there is no japa, no Deity worship, no meditation, and no rules.”

When attraction (ruci) is not yet manifested even the best raganuga bhakti is considered to be mixed with vaidhi bhakti. Even a devotee who has attraction (ruci) for the Lord may, in order to benefit the people of the world, engage in raganuga bhakti mixed with vaidhi bhakti. Therefore, in some situations it is appropriate to practice raganuga bhakti mixed with vaidhi bhakti.

If raganuga-bhaktas are inspired by Krishna to teach by example how to follow vaidhi-bhakti to neophytes, then they may follow the rules and regulations now and then in order to teach by example, e.g. chanting prescribed number of japa, deity worship, etc. They don’t need to follow for themselves, it is up to what Krishna wants of them for the benefit of others. It is definitely not required for their spiritual development. Rules and regulations have the sole purpose of elevating people to raganuga. Once there they do not need to follow any rules or regulations because the rules and regulations only aid those who have not attained the stage of raganuga. Jiva Goswami then challenged what he just said and quoted numerous citations from shastra telling of the importance of following rules and regulations of bhakti. Then he answers his own challenge with this:

The Supreme Personality of Godhead declares (in Brahma-yamala, also quoted in texts 9 and 24 of this anuccheda):

“The Sruti and Smrti sastras are My commands. Therefore one who disobeys the scripture disobeys Me. Such a person hates Me. He may claim to be devoted to Me, but in truth he is not.”

These words do not apply to the devotees engaged in raganuga bhakti, for such devotees are already on the right path in spiritual life. Rather, this verse is addressed to they who follow the wrong paths, the paths of heretics and atheists like Buddha, Rsabhadeva, Dattatreya and others.

The scriptures declare:

“A heretic opposed to the religion of the Vedas may worship his own deity. However, he will go to hell until the time when the universe is destroyed by floods.”

Even though many Vedic rules are not followed in it, raganuga bhakti is not outside the path of the Vedas. Actually raganuga bhakti is the perfection of the religion described in the Vedas and the scriptures that explain the Vedas. This is so because raganuga bhakti makes one attracted (ruci) to the Supreme Personality of Godhead. In the Vedas are described many heretics and atheists, such as Buddha, who are opposed to the Vedas and thus are outside the sphere of Vedic religion. For example, in Srimad Bhagavatam (1.3.24) it is said:

“Then, in the beginning of Kali-yuga, the Lord will appear as Lord Buddha, the son of Anjana, in the province of Gaya, just for the purpose of deluding those who are envious of the faithful theist.”

Therefore raganuga bhakti is proper and correct. It is much better than vaidhi bhakti. The previously discussed rules of the scriptures are meant for [those who seek] merging into the existence of the Lord [to purify non-devotees].

On very rare occasions Prabhupada told the truth to some degree:

From http://vanisource.org/wiki/Lecture_on_SB_1.2.33_–_Vrndavana,_November_12,_1972

Prabhupada: So you have to uncover. You have to discover. That discovering process is devotional service. The more you are engaged in devotional service, the more your senses become pure or uncovered. And when it is completely uncovered, without any designation, then you are capable to serve Kṛṣṇa. This is apprenticeship. Vaidhī-bhakti, that is apprenticeship. Real bhakti, parā-bhakti, that is rāgānugā-bhakti. This rāgānugā-bhakti, we have to come after surpassing the vaidhī-bhakti. In the material world, if we do not try to make further and further progress in devotional service, if we are simply sticking to the shastric regulation process and do not try to go beyond that… Shastric process also regulation, that is required. Without shastric process you cannot go to that platform. But if we stick to the shastric process only and do not try to improve ourself… The shastric process is kaniṣṭha-adhikāra, lowest stage of devotional service.

arcāyām eva haraye
pūjāṁ yaḥ śraddhayehate
na tad-bhakteṣu cānyeṣu
sa bhaktaḥ prākṛtaḥ smṛtaḥ

Generally, people come to this temple, they are very devoted to the Deity. They offer their respects, flowers and other things, make the regulative process, circumambulate. This is nice beginning, but one has to go above this. One has to know who is actually bhakta, who is ac… Na tad-bhakteṣu cānyeṣu. One has to do good for others. That is madhyama-adhikārī. If I become satisfied only with these regulative principles for worshiping the Deity in the temple and following the regulative principle daily, but if I have no other idea, then sa bhaktaḥ prākṛtaḥ smṛtaḥ. Prākṛta means on the material platform. Such devotee can fall down at any moment, because he’s on the prākṛta stage. And prākṛta means this guṇamayī, prakṛti. It is very strong.

So any devotee can fall down if he remains prākṛta-bhakta. So he has to raise himself above this in the madhyama-adhikāra. So here it is said that sva-nirmiteṣu nirviṣṭo bhuṅkte bhūteṣu tad-guṇān. So we are not enjoying actually. We are enjoying the interaction of the three modes of material nature. And we are thinking… The same thing, as my Guru Mahārāja used to say, that licking up the bottle of honey. That is not real honey. You have to open the bottle of the honey and lick up the real honey, then you’ll get taste. That is advancement of spiritual knowledge.

Also:

Persons desiring to follow in the footsteps of such eternal devotees of the Lord as the Vrsnis and the Vrindavana denizens are called raganuga devotees, which means that they are trying to attain to the perfection of those devotees. These raganuga devotees don’t follow the regulative principles of devotional service very strictly, but by spontaneous nature they become attracted to some of the eternal devotees such as Nanda or Yasoda, and they try to follow in their footsteps spontaneously. There is a gradual development of the ambition to become like a particular devotee, and this activity is called raganuga. (NOD, Ch. 16, p.125)

In all, there are sixty-four items listed for the rendering of service unto Krsna, and these are the regulative principles enjoined in the sastras and given by the spiritual master. One has to serve Krsna according to these regulative principles, but if one develops spontaneous love for Krsna as exhibited in the activities of those who live in Vrajabhumi, one attains the platform of raganuga-bhakti. One who has developed this spontaneous love is eligible for elevation to the platform enjoyed by the inhabitants of Vrajabhumi. In Vrajabhumi, there are no regulative principles set forth for Krsna’s service. Rather, everything is carried out in spontaneous, natural love for Krsna. There is no question of following the principles of the Vedic system. Such principles are followed within this material world, and as long as one is on the material platform, he has to execute them. However, spontaneous love of Krsna is transcendental. It may seem that the regulative principles are being violated, but the devotee is on the transcendental platform. Such service is called gunatita, or nirguna, for it is not contaminated by the three modes of material nature.” [CC M.8.221]

Sivarama Swami responds to questions and critics

http://www.sivaramaswami.com/2010/02/26/more-on-who-is-a-member-of-iskcon-part-i/

http://www.sivaramaswami.com/2010/02/27/more-on-who-is-a-member-of-iskcon-part-ii/#

http://www.sivaramaswami.com/2010/03/02/further-discussion-on-comments-to-what-is-iskcon-and-who-is-a-member-part-3/

Advertisement