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This is a reply to a comment from Bhavaprema to the Jaiva Dharma post. He gave a link to a Dilbert comic strip over at Dandavats.com, it has to do with the brain and free will. After that is an article on free will by Kesava Krsna Das.

The comic made a good point, the author of that comic is a pretty smart guy, although a lot of people dislike him because of his support of Intelligent Design. I skimmed through the article by (the ever so self-assured Speculatron 9000 of the ISKCON web world) Kesava Krsna Das and the discussion that ensued in the comments. You can see the confusion caused by Prabhupada, none of them seem to have a firm grasp of what they believe or want to say. The problem is that on the one hand the unofficial ISKCON dogma is that we have free will, Prabhupada said it a lot, as do ISKCON leaders; on the other hand we have all the shastric verses saying in essence that we don’t have free will, that we’re not the doer, that antaryami is in control of us and guides us from within, that paramatma is in control of everything and therefore everything is a direct manifestation of God, etc.

In the discussion that ensues to that article you can see a common misunderstanding about the ontology of the jiva (taught by Prabhupada and ISKCON) used to promote the idea of our free will. The very first commenter quotes Prabhupada:

Swedish man (3): Is there free will?

Prabhupada: Yes, yes. Just like you are sitting here. If you don’t like, you can go away. That’s your free will. There is free will. Because we are part and parcel of God, God is completely free to do anything. And because we are part and parcel of God, therefore we have got minute quantity of freedom. Just like a drop of ocean water, it is also salty, but the quantity of salt in that drop is not equal to the salt in the ocean. Similarly, you have got a little quantity of freedom, but not as freedom as God has got. That is not possible. You are subordinate. Your freedom is subordinate to God’s freedom. Therefore if you misuse your freedom, then you become punishable. The government gives you freedom, but if you misuse your freedom, if you violate the laws, then you are criminal. Yes? >>> Ref. VedaBase => Bhagavad-gita 7.1-3 — Stockholm, September 10, 1973

What he’s teaching is pure sophistry, there is no good analogy between a drop of water in the ocean and the ocean when it comes to abilities or qualities. That analogy only works for less complex comparisons, e.g. the water in the drop and in the ocean is like the soul within God, both exist together as one, two conscious being in one, but one is the whole and existing and encompassing far and wide, and very powerful—while the other is a small part of the whole, and very weak in comparison.

The jiva in no way contains all the qualities of God in minute quantities, although that’s a very common fallacy taught in ISKCON. God has many abilities we simply don’t possess, for example, the ability to control memory. We don’t have the ability to bring up memories, all we do when we want a specific memory is desire it to appear, it then appears or not. What else can we do? We don’t have direct access or control over our memories. You can’t have free will without control over memories because everything we know, and know how to do—is because of memory. How can you understand language (which is part of the thought process) without memory? How can you move your body in a coordinated fashion without memory? How can you do practically anything you do without memory? Newborn babies are the way they are because they are without memory—that is how we would be without memory. Unless we control our own memory, we do not have free will.

Without control over what we know, there is no way to have free will. We are dependent on Krishna at every moment for our memory. What we do from moment to moment is entirely based upon our memory—how would you know what to do next if you didn’t know what day it is, who you are, where you are, what you are, what you planned on doing, or even what words mean or how to comprehend anything in your environment? Krishna says that he gives you memory, and he takes it away when you don’t need it, and he gives you knowledge, from within: sarvasya cāhaḿ hṛdi sanniviṣṭo mattaḥ smṛtir jñānam apohanaḿ ca—I am seated in everyone’s heart, and from Me come remembrance, knowledge and forgetfulness.

People who believe God isn’t involved in our lives to that degree believe our memories our controlled by our brain. People who aren’t in that scientific field believe that it’s been proven conclusively that our brain, through some process, controls our memories. The reality is that scientists working in that field don’t actually know how memory functions. They believe they know the basic parts and what parts serve what function, but when it comes to explaining how a memory is stored from your experience, or how it’s retrieved to your mind, they’re still searching.

How does a brain, an unconscious machine, know what you want? Say you’re reading this and you get hungry and try to remember what you ate at your friends house last night that you liked so much. How does your brain know that? It’s logically impossible that your brain can understand your thoughts. It would need to comprehend the language of your thoughts, AND the concepts of your thoughts like: what does dinner mean? A computer could do that for your speech because a computer has a dictionary and voice recognition software. How can a brain recognize and search for the meaning of the words? It doesn’t have the ability to do that, even if it could store memories and retrieve them for you.

Think about how you’re comprehending these words. How would you’re brain be able to see these words, search in some storage area for the meaning of the words you’re reading, then make them understood to your conscious awareness, all done instantly? But before we even get that far it first has to be aware of the thoughts, aware of the needs implied in your thoughts, aware of the need in your unconscious emotional state—essentially it has to have a hyper aware, super smart, super empathic mind of it’s own to know what you want, or what you need, when you want or need it. A computer only works because it’s been created and programmed specifically for that task, and even then it doesn’t work on it’s own, it needs to be asked for information. We don’t ask our brain, it supposedly just knows what we want when we want it. The amazing thinking brain? I don’t think so. People don’t always remember what they want when they want it. Why? With a computer it always works because it’s been programmed to work, the computer isn’t deciding what to give you or what to withhold. But it appears our brain decides what and when to give us the information we desire or need, why? and how?

The scientists say they’re working on it, they don’t know how the brain does all those things, but they think they know the information is stored in certain places and moves along certain pathways, all the other details are still a mystery. And they will remain so. I’ve written a bit more on this topic at Things They Would Not Teach Me Of In College.

The topic of free will often causes confusion between Prsbhupada’s followers because they feel they have to agree with Prabhupada, even if they see the contradiction with shastra, and often-times with himself, i.e. Prabhupada will often teach something one way, and then teach it in a contradictory way elsewhere—for example his teaching on the origin of the jiva has caused a debate for years and years simply because he sometimes said you can and did fall from Goloka, and other times said you can never fall from Goloka, and also that you originated from Brahman.

They even made an official ISKCON law that you cannot contradict what Prabhupada taught on the origin of the jiva, which they then exemplify in the two contradictory teachings Prabhupada taught. The law is senseless because if you teach either one without also teaching the other, then you are in violation of ISKCON law. Here is the law:

Vaikuntha is that place from which no one ever falls down. The living entity belongs to Lord Krishna’s marginal potency (tatastha-sakti). On this we all agree. The origin of the conditioned life of the souls now in this material world is undoubtedly beyond the range of our direct perception. We can therefore best answer questions about that origin by repeating the answers Srila Prabhupada gave when such questions were asked of him:

“The original home of the living entity and the Supreme Personality of Godhead is the spiritual world. In the spiritual world both the Lord and the living entities live together very peacefully. Since the living entity remains engaged in the service of the Lord, they both share a blissful life in the spiritual world. However, when the living entity, misusing his tiny independence, wants to enjoy himself, he falls down into the material world.” (Srimad-Bhagavatam 4.28.54, purport)

No ISKCON devotee shall present or publish any contrary view as conclusive in any class or seminar or any media (print, video, electronic, etc.).

Why did Prabhupada teach in a contradictory way at times? I believe it was because he felt it would inspire people in a certain way. Prabhupada said we have free will, but he also would teach that we don’t, for example:

Bhagavad-gītā As It Is 13.30

One who can see that all activities are performed by the body, which is created of material nature, and sees that the self does nothing, actually sees.

PURPORT

This body is made by material nature under the direction of the Supersoul, and whatever activities are going on in respect to one’s body are not his doing. Whatever one is supposed to do, either for happiness or for distress, one is forced to do because of the bodily constitution. The self, however, is outside all these bodily activities. This body is given according to one’s past desires. To fulfill desires, one is given the body, with which he acts accordingly. Practically speaking, the body is a machine, designed by the Supreme Lord, to fulfill desires. Because of desires, one is put into difficult circumstances to suffer or to enjoy. This transcendental vision of the living entity, when developed, makes one separate from bodily activities. One who has such a vision is an actual seer.

Bhagavad-gītā As It Is 3.27

The spirit soul bewildered by the influence of false ego thinks himself the doer of activities that are in actuality carried out by the three modes of material nature.

PURPORT

Two persons, one in Krishna consciousness and the other in material consciousness, working on the same level, may appear to be working on the same platform, but there is a wide gulf of difference in their respective positions. The person in material consciousness is convinced by false ego that he is the doer of everything. He does not know that the mechanism of the body is produced by material nature, which works under the supervision of the Supreme Lord. The materialistic person has no knowledge that ultimately he is under the control of Krishna. The person in false ego takes all credit for doing everything independently, and that is the symptom of his nescience. He does not know that this gross and subtle body is the creation of material nature, under the order of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, and as such his bodily and mental activities should be engaged in the service of Krishna, in Krishna consciousness. The ignorant man forgets that the Supreme Personality of Godhead is known as Hrishīkeśa, or the master of the senses of the material body, for due to his long misuse of the senses in sense gratification, he is factually bewildered by the false ego, which makes him forget his eternal relationship with Krishna.

I don’t know what Prabhupada really believed because of the contradictory teachings, possibly he believed we don’t have free will but would say we do so that his followers would feel responsible for being in this world, and conversely responsible for getting out, i.e. only by your choice to surrender to Krishna (through ISKCON) can you become free from future suffering in your next life. Someone may think that if we don’t have free will then there is no urgent need to surrender to ISKCON, whereas Prabhupada was always preaching the urgent necessity to not only surrender to ISKCON, but also to strictly follow all his rules and regulations and give up all desire for sensual pleasures (including entertainment).

Prabhupada’s preaching strategy was to put the jiva (human) in control of it’s destiny to a large degree. It’s by the choice of the jiva to: follow a guru, follow Krishna, renounce sensual pleasures, renounce all things disconnected to sadhana-bhakti, etc. Sure, Krishna is the ultimate controller, but when it comes to our own destiny, we are the controllers because we choose what path we go down in life, creating good and bad karma as we go. In fact we have so much control of our destiny that the reason we are in this world of suffering and death is because of our own choice.

That ideology is contradictory to what Prabhupada’s guru taught on destiny. He taught that no one can change anyone else’s destiny, no one can change anything at all of the destiny of this world. In ISKCON you hear the exact opposite taught. The mood and message of ISKCON is not only contradictory to Bhaktisiddhanta’s mood and message—ISKCON is completely centered around that contradiction.

In ISKCON the main thrust and mood of their self-defined reason to exist is in their ability to not just affect people’s lives or destiny, but in actually changing the course of people’s lives, changing the course of the cultural norms in society at large, and changing the course of it’s own destiny. Prabhupada taught that it’s by their efforts that a worldwide nuclear cataclysm was averted. They instil in their followers the idea that you have the ability to not only save people from going to some type of hell, but also you actually have the ability to save the entire planet from a dire fate that awaits.

Not only can you change other people’s and the entire world’s destiny, ISKCON’s fate itself is in our hands i.e. by your choosing to surrender and work hard for ISKCON it will succeed or not. A famous dictum in ISKCON is Prabhupada’s statement that the only thing which can stop ISKCON is a lack of cooperation among it’s members, that ISKCON can only be destroyed from within. Yet also they teach that ISKCON is predicted to last 10,000 years. This kind of contradictory philosophy is common in ISKCON, and in people who are educated by them.

The idea of having no free will, of there being a destiny set in stone that cannot be altered, for everyone and the world, seems so counter-intuitive only because we are ignorant on how we function. In fact, the world and ourselves have been fooled, on purpose. It’s not easy to come to terms with the reality of having no control, of there being a controller over everything you do and think, and of what everyone else does and thinks. When we’re ready, all the truths of God’s ontological presence and control in our lives is gradually revealed to us. Usually through religious philosophy, and ultimately through Vedanta.

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